LVM resize
Shrink the /tmp partition in 500 MiB and expand the / partition with those 500 MiB
Shrink /tmp
_$: lsof | grep /tmp
_$: umount /tmp
_$: e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp
e2fsck 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp: 11/60928 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 8231/243712 blocks
We reduce the volume group to 500 MiB
_$: resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp 500M
resize2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp to 128000 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp is now 128000 blocks long.
And we reduce the logical volume to 500 MiB
_$: lvresize -L500M /dev/vg00/lvtmp
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 500.00 MiB
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lvtmp? [y/n]: y
Reducing logical volume lvtmp to 500.00 MiB
Logical volume lvtmp successfully resized
_$: lvdisplay /dev/vg00/lvtmp
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg00/lvtmp
VG Name vg00
LV UUID 6b2e73-eUpm-wq3p-iyE7-nqqE-GqxR-0W1U6K
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 500.00 MiB
Current LE 125
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:1
_$: mount /dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp
Expand /
Resize the logical volume. You may find that you cannot use the whole 500 MiB, so use the maximum you can:
_$: lvresize -L +450M /dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot
_$: lvdisplay /dev/vg00/lvroot
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg00/lvroot
VG Name vg00
LV UUID 90o7dF-KALR-6cWV-YGRg-we0m-HIJ6-m1Ryk0
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.37 GiB
Current LE 351
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:0
And resize the volume group:
_$: resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot
resize2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot to 359424 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot is now 359424 blocks long.
_$: df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot 1.4G 899M 431M 68% /
udev 489M 4.0K 489M 1% /dev
tmpfs 200M 288K 199M 1% /run
none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none 498M 0 498M 0% /run/shm
/dev/vda1 938M 42M 849M 5% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp 498M 22M 451M 5% /tmp
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvvar 949M 383M 519M 43% /var
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvvmail 3.4G 114M 3.1G 4% /var/vmail
Expand a partition with an added hard disk
Add hard disk
Power off the virtual machine. Add from VirtualBox the new hard disk. Power on the virtual machine. Check that there is a new hard disk:
_$: fdisk -l /dev/sd?
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
...
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
So the new hard disk appears as /dev/sdb.
Create a partition in the hard disk
_$: fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x3c97a9f9.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):
Using default value 41943039
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
...
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
Expand /var partition
_$: pvcreate /dev/sdb1
_$: vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 48.13 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12322
Alloc PE / Size 12322 / 48.13 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID vNasCi-SgMs-VhVQ-f7OO-Pigq-pkpy-u0ocwC
_$: vgdisplay | grep Name
VG Name vg00
_$: vgextend vg00 /dev/sdb1
_$: pvscan
PV /dev/sda5 VG vg00 lvm2 [48.13 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sdb1 VG vg00 lvm2 [20.00 GiB / 20.00 GiB free]
Total: 2 [68.13 GiB] / in use: 2 [68.13 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
_$: lvdisplay
...
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg00/lvvar <===
VG Name vg00
LV UUID weS5dG-8c3G-HRFx-wVLA-P5Mq-uizk-S3uyrg
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 9.31 GiB <===
Current LE 2384
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:1
...
_$: lvextend /dev/vg00/lvvar /dev/sdb1
Extending logical volume lvvar to 29.31 GiB
Logical volume lvvar successfully resized
Check it:
_$: lvdisplay
...
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg00/lvvar
VG Name vg00
LV UUID weS5dG-8c3G-HRFx-wVLA-P5Mq-uizk-S3uyrg
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 29.31 GiB <===
Current LE 7503
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:1
...
_$: resize2fs /dev/vg00/lvvar # Wait for some time (1 minute)
resize2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Filesystem at /dev/vg00/lvvar is mounted on /var; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg00/lvvar to 7683072 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg00/lvvar is now 7683072 blocks long.
_$: df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot ext4 9.2G 3.9G 4.9G 44% /
udev devtmpfs 489M 172K 489M 1% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 100M 472K 100M 1% /run
none tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none tmpfs 498M 0 498M 0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1 ext3 938M 338M 553M 38% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvsrv ext4 30G 23G 5.1G 82% /srv
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvvar ext4 29G 9.2G 19G 34% /var <===